Exhibit - A Time to Celebrate: Commencement through the Years
"Your world is here to be made. Your future is your glory."
- MSC Commencement speaker William J. Cameron, June 14, 1937
An honored tradition since the early years of MSU, commencement is an exciting rite of passage celebrating the achievements of the students who have dedicated years of hard work to their studies at the university. At one time, an entire Commencement Week was celebrated, with daily programs of activities, such as Senior Swingout, Lantern Night, and Senior Play, for students, graduating seniors, alumni, and their guests. The annual Water Carnival was also once a highlight of June Commencement weekends. This exhibit explores the history of commencement at MSU.
Michigan State Agricultural College's first graduating class was the Class of 1861, which included seven young men. Their commencement ceremony was scheduled for November 1861, but it was canceled when the entire graduating class was excused from school in September 1861 to join the Union Army and fight in the Civil War.
Thus, the first formal commencement of Michigan State Agricultural College occurred on November 12, 1862, in the college chapel and consisted of music, a prayer, and seven orations. Commencement was held in November through the 1870s; since the school year ended in the fall, followed by a long break over the winter months to allow students to teach at district schools. During the 1880s and early 1890s, commencement was held in August. The first June commencement was held on Friday, June 18, 1897, in the old College Armory. The MAC College Band first played at the commencement exercises on June 15, 1900, playing a "Selection" to begin and end the ceremony.
On May 31, 1907, for the semi-centennial anniversary of MAC, President Theodore Roosevelt gave the commencement address from a platform in front of the college hospital to an audience of over 20,000 people. President Roosevelt also presented the diplomas to the 99 graduating seniors in the Class of 1907.
At the May 1918 commencement, less than 100 graduates were present out of the graduating class of 143 students. The many empty chairs at commencement represented the graduates fighting in World War I. When Dr. Liberty Hyde Bailey addressed the attendees, he reminded them: "On the planet we live. From the earth we come; to the earth we return. Our relations to the earth determine not only our sustenance but our institutions. The land is the seed-bed of society. As we provide to mankind access to the earth, so do we cast the fashion of civilization."
The tradition of faculty wearing full academic regalia at commencement first began in 1922. The tradition began as a means to elevate the commencement exercises held on Wednesday, June 21, 1922, because they were combined with the inauguration of the new MAC President David Friday, who also gave the commencement address that year.
Henry Ford received an honorary degree, Doctor of Engineering, at the commencement exercises of June 15, 1936, which was held in Demonstration Hall. The unveiling of the Spartan Statue, located at the end of Beal Street, occurred in conjunction with commencement activities on June 9, 1945.
In 1951, two commencements were held: the first on June 3 and then a separate fall commencement on November 28. A third commencement was added in 1952, beginning a tradition of a winter commencement in March, a main commencement in June, and then a fall commencement in December. That tradition of three sets of commencement exercises each year continued through 1992. However, in 1993, MSU switched to the two-commencement system that it continues to use today, with a set of spring commencement exercises in early May and a set of fall commencement exercises in early December.
The tradition of separate commencement ceremonies for each MSU college began in June 1984; this tradition was changed to a combination of both individual college ceremonies and a University-Level Baccalaureate Degree Commencement beginning in June 1990. The tradition of December baccalaureate exercises being split into a morning commencement and an afternoon commencement began in 1994.
The first commencement exercises were held in the college chapel. In 1883, a tent was rented for the August commencement exercises. By 1897, commencement exercises had begun to be held in the old College Armory. Commencement continued to be held at the Armory through 1912, excluding the commencement of 1907, at which President Roosevelt spoke, due to the incredible size of the crowd in attendance that year. From 1913 to 1917, commencement was held outdoors in a large tent sometimes referred to as the "Assembly Tent" or "Auditorium Tent"; records for 1913 indicate that the commencement tent was 112 feet long and 80 feet wide that year.
The first commencement in the New Gymnasium was held in May 1918, and commencement exercises continued to be held there through 1925. On June 21, 1926, commencement was held in the Forest of Arden, determined by a vote by members of the senior class. On June 10, 1927, commencement was held at the New Armory. Commencement was held in Demonstration Hall from June 18, 1928, until June 14, 1937. Then, commencement was held at the Band Shell on June 13, 1938, and on June 12, 1939. The first commencement held in the new Auditorium occurred on June 10, 1940. Jenison Fieldhouse was the site of commencement exercises on June 14, 1941, and June 13, 1942, but moved back to the Auditorium from June 12, 1943, through June 8, 1946.
On June 6, 1947, commencement was once again moved back to the Jenison Fieldhouse until they were moved to Macklin Stadium for the June 3, 1951, commencement. The November 28, 1951, commencement was held in the Auditorium, however. June commencements continued to be held at Macklin Stadium (renamed Spartan Stadium in 1958) until 1983. March and December commencement exercises were held in the Auditorium from 1952 through March 1989, with the exception of the March 1988 commencement held in Munn Arena. Since individual colleges began to hold separate commencement exercises in June 1984, these ceremonies have been held in a variety of locations over the years, including the Auditorium, the Breslin Center, the Festival Stage, Fairchild Theatre, the Wharton Center Great Hall, Jenison Fieldhouse, Munn Arena, Snyder Hall, and the Veterinary Medical Center.
University-wide commencement exercises have been held in the Jack Breslin Student Events Center since December 2, 1989, with the exception of the May 5, 1995, commencement, at which President Clinton spoke, which was held in Spartan Stadium.
Many notable individuals have spoken at commencement ceremonies over the years. Booker T. Washington spoke at the commencement exercises of June 15, 1900, after having to cancel for the 1899 commencement. President Theodore Roosevelt spoke at commencement on May 31, 1907 for the semi-centennial anniversary of MAC. Dr. Charles F. Kettering, Vice-President of General Motors Corporation, spoke on June 6, 1948. Vice President Alben W. Barkley spoke on June 4, 1950, telling graduates, "You find a greater challenge than any class heretofore ever met and a greater opportunity, also, than any other class heretofore ever faced;" he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement.
Vice President Richard M. Nixon spoke on June 9, 1957; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. President Harry S. Truman spoke at Michigan State University's 100th annual commencement, held on June 12, 1960; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. General of the Army Douglas MacArthur spoke on June 11, 1961; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. U.S. Senator Michael J. Mansfield spoke on June 10, 1962; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. U.S. Senator Philip A. Hart spoke on December 11, 1964. U.S. Representative Gerald R. Ford spoke on March 14, 1965.
Chief Justice of the U.S. Earl Warren spoke on June 13, 1965; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. U.S. Representative John C. Mackie spoke on December 11, 1965. U.S. Representative Martha W. Griffiths spoke on March 13, 1966. Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey, Jr. spoke on June 12, 1966; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. Elliot L. Richardson, U.S. Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, spoke on December 2, 1972. Walter Cronkite, Managing Editor of the CBS Evening News, spoke on June 10, 1973; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. U.S. Senator Edward W. Brooke spoke on June 9, 1974; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement.
U.S. Representative James G. O'Hara spoke on March 8, 1975. Andrew J. Young, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, spoke on June 11, 1977; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Humanities at that commencement. U.S. Representative Thomas S. Foley spoke on June 10, 1978; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. MSU President Emeritus John A. Hannah spoke on June 9, 1979; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Humanities at that commencement. MSU President Emeritus Edgar L. Harden spoke on June 7, 1980; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. U.S. Congressman William D. Ford spoke on December 6, 1980.
Francis J. McDonald, President of General Motors, spoke on June 13, 1981; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. Michigan Governor William G. Milliken spoke on June 12, 1982; he was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws, and his wife Helen W. Milliken was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Humanities at that commencement. Michigan Governor James J. Blanchard spoke on June 11, 1983; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. On June 7, 1986, U.S. Representative Bob Carr spoke at the commencement of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources; he spoke again at the commencement of the College of Engineering on June 12, 1987.
Jesse L. Jackson spoke on March 12, 1988; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Humanities at that commencement. On June 11, 1988, MSU President John DiBiaggio spoke at the commencement of the College of Natural Science; he spoke again at the commencement of the College of Engineering on June 9, 1989. U.S. Representative William Schuette spoke at the commencement of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources on June 10, 1989. On December 2, 1989, Stevie Wonder was the commencement speaker at the very first event at the Breslin Center after receiving an honorary Doctor of Humanities. Michigan Governor John M. Engler spoke on June 8, 1991; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement.
President Bill Clinton spoke on May 5, 1995. U.S. Senator Spencer Abraham spoke at the afternoon ceremony on December 9, 1995; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. Lansing Mayor David C. Hollister spoke at the morning ceremony on December 7, 1996; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. Vice President Dick Cheney spoke on May 3, 2002. U.S. Senator Deborah A. Stabenow spoke at the morning ceremony on December 6, 2003; she was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. U.S. Senator Carl Levin spoke at the afternoon ceremony on December 11, 2004; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement.
Maya Angelou spoke on May 6, 2005. MSU Men's Basketball Head Coach Tom Izzo spoke at the commencement of the College of Education on May 7, 2005. Earvin "Magic" Johnson, Jr., spoke at the morning ceremony on December 11, 2010; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Business at that commencement. Michigan Governor Rick Snyder spoke at the morning ceremony on December 15, 2012; he was also awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws at that commencement. MSU Head Football Coach Mark Dantonio spoke at the commencement of the College of Education on May 10, 2015.
Exhibit created by Alexandra O. Conell, December 2020
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